Impact of Perfectionism on Self-Efficacy and Academic Achievement among Young Adults: Moderating Role of Social Support
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55737/trt/FL25.182Keywords:
Perfectionism, Self-efficacy, Academic Achievement, Young Adults, Gender DifferencesAbstract
The current research paper has investigated the connection between perfectionism, self-efficacy, and academic performance in young adults. Positive and negative aspects of perfectionism were taken into consideration to investigate the different effects they have on the psychological resources and performance of students. The study design was a quantitative, cross-sectional study, and the data were gathered using a sample of young adults which comprised of standardized self-report measure of perfectionism and self-efficacy and academic achievement was measured using cumulative grades. The hypotheses were tested by use of descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, regression and independent sample t-tests. Findings showed that positive perfectionism had a strong correlation with the self-efficacy and academic performance, and negative perfectionism had an inverse relationship with these variables. Moreover, self-efficacy partially mediated the correlation between perfectionism and academic performance, which is essential to indicate the significance of self-efficacy in the transformation of perfectionistic dispositions into performance results. There were also gender variations whereby females scored higher in negative perfectionism and had a relatively lower academic self-efficacy compared to males. These results imply that the academic performance of young adults can be enhanced by means of interventions that enhance self-efficacy and adaptive perfectionistic characteristics. The research paper adds to the literature on perfectionism in the academic world and supports the significance of psychological strengths in academic success.
References
Al-Abyadh, M. H., & Abdel Azeem, H. A. (2022). Academic achievement: Influences of University students’ self-management and perceived self-efficacy. Journal of Intelligence, 10(3), 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence10030055
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Macmillan.
Bello, H., & Abdullah, N. A. (2022). Modelling students' satisfaction with computer-based assessment (CBA) environments in higher education: The roles of CBA center service satisfaction and perceived trust. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 20(5), 605-622. https://doi.org/10.34190/ejel.20.5.2595
Berry, J. M., & West, R. L. (1993). Cognitive self-efficacy in relation to personal mastery and goal setting across the life span. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 16(2), 351-379. https://doi.org/10.1177/016502549301600213
Chanana, M. (2018). Empirical study: Relationship between self efficacy and academic performance. International Journal of Health & Medical Sciences. https://doi.org/10.31295/hms.v1n1.36
Cohen, S. and Hoberman, H. (1983) Positive Events and Social Supports as Buffers of Life Change Stress. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 13, 99-125.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1983.tb02325.x
Cohen, S., & McKay, G. (2020). Social support, stress and the buffering hypothesis: A theoretical analysis. Handbook of Psychology and Health (Volume IV), 253-267. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003044307-10
Damian, L. E., Stoeber, J., Negru‐Subtirica, O., & Băban, A. (2017). On the development of perfectionism: The longitudinal role of academic achievement and academic efficacy. Journal of Personality, 85(4), 565-577. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12261
Doyle, I., & Catling, J. C. (2022). The influence of perfectionism, self-esteem and resilience on young people’s mental health. The Journal of Psychology, 156(3), 224-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2022.2027854
Egan, S. J., Wade, T. D., & Shafran, R. (2011). Perfectionism as a transdiagnostic process: A clinical review. Clinical Psychology Review, 31(2), 203-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2010.04.009
Egan, S., Piek, J., Dyck, M., & Kane, R. (2011). The reliability and validity of the positive and negative perfectionism scale. Clinical Psychologist, 15(3), 121-132. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-9552.2011.00029.x
Endleman, S., Brittain, H., & Vaillancourt, T. (2022). The longitudinal associations between perfectionism and academic achievement across adolescence. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 46(2), 91-100. https://doi.org/10.1177/01650254211037400
Honicke, T., & Broadbent, J. (2016). The influence of academic self-efficacy on academic performance: A systematic review. Educational Research Review, 17, 63-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2015.11.002
Howard, J. L., Bureau, J., Guay, F., Chong, J. X., & Ryan, R. M. (2021). Student motivation and associated outcomes: A meta-analysis from self-determination theory. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 16(6), 1300-1323. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691620966789
Kahn, J. H., & Nauta, M. M. (2001). Social-cognitive predictors of first-year college persistence: The importance of proximal assessment. Research in Higher Education, 42(6), 633-652. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1012225510213
Kurtovic, A., Vrdoljak, G., & Idzanovic, A. (2019). Predicting procrastination: The role of academic achievement, self-efficacy and perfectionism. International Journal of Educational Psychology, 8(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.17583/ijep.2019.2993
Lazić, M., Jovanović, V., & Gavrilov-Jerković, V. (2021). The general self-efficacy scale: New evidence of structural validity, measurement invariance, and predictive properties in relationship to subjective well-being in Serbian samples. Current Psychology, 40(2), 699-710. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-9992-6
Lee, G., Park, T. I., & Cho, H. (2020). Maladaptive perfectionism and college adjustment of international students in Korea: A moderated mediation model of social support. Sustainability, 12(11), 4729. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114729
Lee, J., & Lin, R. (2023). The continuous usage of artificial intelligence (ai)-powered mobile fitness applications: The goal-setting theory perspective. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 123(6), 1840-1860. https://doi.org/10.1108/imds-10-2022-0602
Lee, L. E., Rinn, A. N., Crutchfield, K., Ottwein, J. K., Hodges, J., & Mun, R. U. (2020). Perfectionism and the imposter phenomenon in academically talented undergraduates. Gifted Child Quarterly, 65(3), 220-234. https://doi.org/10.1177/0016986220969396
Li, F., Luo, S., Mu, W., Li, Y., Ye, L., Zheng, X., Xu, B., Ding, Y., Ling, P., Zhou, M., & Chen, X. (2021). Effects of sources of social support and resilience on the mental health of different age groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychiatry, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-03012-1
Madigan, D. J., & Curran, T. (2021). Does burnout affect academic achievement? A meta-analysis of over 100,000 students. Educational Psychology Review, 33(2), 387-405. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-020-09533-1
Molnar, D. S., Sirois, F. M., Flett, G. L., & Sadava, S. (2019). A person-oriented approach to multidimensional perfectionism: Perfectionism profiles in health and well-being. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 38(1), 127-142. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282919877754
Pannhausen, S., Klug, K., & Rohrmann, S. (2020). Never good enough: The relation between the impostor phenomenon and multidimensional perfectionism. Current Psychology, 41(2), 888-901. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-00613-7
Richardson, M., Abraham, C., & Bond, R. (2012). Psychological correlates of university students' academic performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 138(2), 353-387. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026838
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78. https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066x.55.1.68
Saddler, C. D., & Sacks, L. A. (1993). Multidimensional perfectionism and academic procrastination: relationships with depression in university students1. Psychological Reports, 73(3_part_1), 863-871. https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941930733pt123
Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). Optimistic self-beliefs as a resource factor in coping with stress. In Extreme stress and communities: Impact and intervention (pp. 159-177). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
Smith, M. M., Sherry, S. B., Vidovic, V., Saklofske, D. H., Stoeber, J., & Benoit, A. (2019). Perfectionism and the five-factor model of personality: A meta-analytic review. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 23(4), 367-390. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868318814973
Song, J., Bong, M., Lee, K., & Kim, S. (2015). Longitudinal investigation into the role of perceived social support in adolescents’ academic motivation and achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 107(3), 821-841. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000016
Terry-Short, L., Owens, R., Slade, P., & Dewey, M. (1995). Positive and negative perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 18(5), 663-668. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(94)00192-u
Visvalingam, S., McHardy, H. L., Norder, S. J., Magson, N. R., & Norberg, M. M. (2022). A mixed methods study of an online intervention to reduce perfectionism. Current Psychology, 42(22), 18686-18701. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-02953-y
Wang, L., & MacIntyre, P. (2021). Second language listening comprehension: The role of anxiety and enjoyment in listening metacognitive awareness. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 11(4), 491-515. https://doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2021.11.4.2
White, R. L., Bennie, A., Vasconcellos, D., Cinelli, R., Hilland, T., Owen, K. B., & Lonsdale, C. (2021). Self-determination theory in physical education: A systematic review of qualitative studies. Teaching and Teacher Education, 99, 103247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2020.103247
Witt-Rose, D. L. (2003). Student self-efficacy in college science: An investigation of gender, age, and academic achievement (Doctoral dissertation, University of Wisconsin--Stout).
Wu, H., Guo, Y., Yang, Y., Zhao, L., & Guo, C. (2021). A meta-analysis of the longitudinal relationship between academic self-concept and academic achievement. Educational Psychology Review, 33(4), 1749-1778. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-021-09600-1
Zysberg, L., & Schwabsky, N. (2020). School climate, academic self-efficacy and student achievement. Educational Psychology, 41(4), 467-482. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2020.1813690
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.


