The Four Pillars of Teaching: How Self-Efficacy, Burnout, and Attitude Shape Teacher Effectiveness at the Secondary School Level
Contributors
- Syed Amjad Ali Shah PhD Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
- Liaquat Hussain Director, Institute of Education and Research, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
- Sadia kanwal PhD Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
- Amber Rehman PhD Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan.
Abstract
This study examined the association between secondary school teachers’ self-efficacy, burnout, attitude, and teaching effectiveness. This research used a descriptive, correlational design and a survey method. The study population comprises 1,768 secondary school educators, including 404 from urban areas and 1,364 from rural areas. Using stratified random sampling, the researchers determined a statistically adequate sample of 314 teachers based on Krejcie and Morgan (1970), and distributed approximately 450 questionnaires to account for non-response and incomplete responses. The study used four standardized questionnaires (5-point Likert scale) to collect data on teaching effectiveness, self-efficacy, burnout, and attitude toward teaching. The instruments were expert-validated. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple regression in SPSS (V26). Results showed strong correlations between teachers’ self-efficacy, burnout, attitude, and teaching effectiveness. The study also examined the relationships among self-efficacy, burnout, attitude, and secondary school teachers’ teaching effectiveness. The results showed that teachers’ psychological and attitudinal attributes empirically affect effective teaching at the secondary level.
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Corresponding Author
Amber Rehman
PhD Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan.

